CT scans, also known as computed tomography scans or CAT scans, are a type of medical imaging that use x-rays to create detailed images of the inside of the body. These scans can be used to diagnose a wide variety of conditions and diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and stroke. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at what CT scans reveal and how they’re used in medical diagnosis and treatment.
What Is a CT Scan?
A CT scan is a type of medical imaging that uses x-rays to create detailed, cross-sectional images of the body. During a CT scan, you’ll lie on a table that slides into a large, cylindrical scanner. The scanner will rotate around your body, taking multiple x-ray images that are then combined by a computer to create a detailed, three-dimensional image of the inside of your body.
Why Are CT Scans Performed?
CT scans can be used to diagnose and monitor a wide range of medical conditions, including:
- Cancer
- Heart disease
- Pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lung)
- Stroke
- Trauma
- Head injuries
- Abdominal pain
- Suspected bone fractures or infections
CT scans can also be used to guide biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures, as well as to monitor the effects of treatment.
What Do CT Scans Reveal?
CT scans can reveal a wide range of information about the inside of the body, including:
- The size, shape, and location of organs, tissues, and tumors
- The presence and location of blood clots
- The extent and location of fractures
- The presence and severity of infections or inflammation
- The amount and location of fluid accumulation
- The presence and location of foreign objects
- The presence and location of blockages or other abnormalities in blood vessels
How Are CT Scans Used in Medical Diagnosis and Treatment?
CT scans can be used to diagnose a wide range of medical conditions, and they’re often used in combination with other diagnostic tests and imaging techniques. For example, a CT scan might be used to diagnose a suspected blood clot in the lung (pulmonary embolism), while an MRI might be used to get a more detailed view of the heart and blood vessels.
CT scans can also be used to monitor the effects of treatment. For example, a CT scan might be used to monitor the size and location of a tumor in response to chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
What Are the Risks of CT Scans?
Like all medical procedures, CT scans carry some risks, including:
- Exposure to radiation
- Allergic reactions to contrast dye (if used)
- Potential harm to a developing fetus (if the patient is pregnant)
However, the benefits of CT scans in diagnosing and monitoring medical conditions generally outweigh the risks.
How Can I Prepare for a CT Scan?
If you’re scheduled to have a CT scan, your doctor will provide you with detailed instructions on how to prepare. Depending on the type of CT scan you’re having and the area of your body being scanned, you may be instructed to:
- Fast for a certain period of time before the scan
- Avoid taking certain medications
- Drink a contrast dye before the scan (if instructed to do so)
- Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing without metal objects
- Remove jewelry and other accessories
What Can I Expect During a CT Scan?
A CT scan is a painless procedure that typically takes less than an hour to complete. During the scan, you’ll lie on a table that slides into a large, cylindrical scanner. The scanner will rotate around your body, taking multiple x-ray images that are then combined by a computer to create a detailed, three-dimensional image of the inside of your body.
If you’re having a contrast dye, you’ll receive it through an IV in your arm or hand. You may experience a warm sensation or a metallic taste in your mouth as the dye is injected. This is normal and should subside quickly.
What Happens After a CT Scan?
After a CT scan, you can return to your normal activities right away. Your doctor will review the images from the scan and discuss the results with you at a follow-up appointment.
Conclusion
CT scans are a valuable tool in medical diagnosis and treatment. They can reveal a wide range of information about the inside of the body, and they’re often used in combination with other diagnostic tests and imaging techniques. If you’re scheduled to have a CT scan, your doctor will provide you with detailed instructions on how to prepare, and will discuss the results with you at a follow-up appointment.
Most Common Questions and Their Answers about CT Scans
- Q: How long does a CT scan take?
- A: A CT scan typically takes less than an hour to complete.
- Q: Is a CT scan painful?
- A: No, a CT scan is a painless procedure.
- Q: Are there any risks associated with CT scans?
- A: Yes, exposure to radiation is one potential risk of CT scans.
- Q: How should I prepare for a CT scan?
- A: Your doctor will provide you with detailed instructions on how to prepare for your CT scan.
- Q: What can a CT scan reveal?
- A: CT scans can reveal a wide range of information about the inside of the body, including the size, shape, and location of organs, tissues, and tumors.
References
- Mayo Clinic Staff. (2020, August 21). CT scan. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ct-scan/about/pac-20393675
- MedlinePlus. (2021, February 9). CT scan. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003330.htm
- Radiological Society of North America. (n.d.). Computed Tomography (CT) – Body. Radiological Society of North America. https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/bodyct