Cannabis-infused treats are delicious and offer an alternative way of enjoying marijuana’s benefits. But, there’s been some concern whether eating too many of them could harm liver function.
The medicinal and recreational use of marijuana is becoming more and more common in countries where it is legal. Marijuana is a plant that contains a chemical called delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is responsible for its psychoactive effects.
The Science Behind Cannabis-Infused Edibles
Cannabis-infused edibles refer to any food or drink that contains THC. THC is fat-soluble, so it is extracted from the plant using a fat, like butter or oil. The most popular cannabis-infused treats include brownies, gummies, chocolate bars, and even beverages, like tea and lemonade. These treats are made by adding cannabis-infused butter or oil to the recipe. The result is a tasty treat that provides the user with a dose of THC, and is becoming an increasingly popular way to consume marijuana.
The Dosage of THC in Edibles
Edibles offer a more convenient way to consume marijuana, especially for those who do not like the taste or smell of smoked or vaporized cannabis. However, edibles’ potency can be difficult to measure, and the dosage of THC in each edible can vary widely. Unlike smoking or vaporizing, the onset of edibles’ effects is slower (1-2 hours). This means it may take longer for someone to feel the full effects of the edible, and if too much is consumed too soon, it can result in an unpleasant experience.
How Edibles are Processed in the Body
When someone eats a cannabis-infused edible, its THC content is absorbed in the digestive system, which converts it into 11-hydroxy-THC, a compound that is more potent than THC itself. This compound then enters the bloodstream and can affect the body for up to eight hours. It is metabolized by the liver and excreted in urine.
The Relationship Between Edibles and the Liver
As edibles are metabolized through the liver, which is responsible for breaking down substances in the body, concerns have arisen that consuming too many edibles might cause liver damage. While there is currently no direct research to prove this theory, studies have shown that high doses of THC can cause liver damage in animals.
The Effect of THC on the Liver
THC and its metabolites can be harmful to the liver when consumed in large amounts. A 2019 study published in the journal Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids reported that high doses of THC can cause liver damage and inflammation in mice. Specifically, the study found that mice treated with high doses of THC developed fatty liver disease, a condition commonly associated with obesity and alcoholism.
However, it is important to note that this study used very high doses of THC that are unlikely to be consumed by humans. While more studies need to be conducted on the impact of THC on the liver, it is currently unclear whether consuming cannabis-infused edibles in moderation can harm liver function.
Considerations When Consuming Edibles
Consuming cannabis-infused edibles can be a fun and tasty way to consume marijuana, but there are a few things to keep in mind before consuming them.
The Importance of Dosage and Patience
It is essential to pay attention to the dosage of THC in the edible to avoid taking too much at once. It is also crucial to be patient when waiting for the onset of the effect, which may take longer than expected. Consuming too much THC can result in an unpleasant experience, including nausea, dizziness, and paranoia.
Edibles Should Be Stored Safely
Cannabis-infused edibles should be stored in a safe and secure place, away from children and pets. Edibles often come in attractive packaging and could be mistaken for candy, so it is essential to keep them out of reach of curious children or pets who might accidentally consume them.
Consult with Your Doctor
If you have any pre-existing medical conditions or take medication, it is essential to talk to your doctor before trying any cannabis-infused edibles. Some drugs can interact with THC, which could lead to adverse effects.
Conclusion
Cannabis-infused edibles are an alternative and tasty way to consume marijuana. However, consuming too many edibles can lead to negative effects, and high doses of THC can cause liver damage, as evidenced by a few animal studies. While more research is needed to understand the long-term effects of edibles on liver health, it is essential to consume edibles responsibly and in moderation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a cannabis-infused edible?
A cannabis-infused edible is any food or drink that contains THC. THC is extracted from the marijuana plant using a fat, like butter or oil, and added to the recipe of the food or drink, such as brownies or lemonade.
How are edibles processed in the body?
When someone eats a cannabis-infused edible, its THC content is absorbed in the digestive system, which converts it into 11-hydroxy-THC, a compound that is more potent than THC itself. This compound then enters the bloodstream and can affect the body for up to eight hours. It is metabolized by the liver and excreted in urine.
Can consuming edibles damage my liver?
While high doses of THC can cause liver damage in animals, it is currently unclear whether consuming cannabis-infused edibles in moderation can harm liver function in humans. However, it is important to be mindful of the dosage of THC in each edible to avoid consuming too much at once.
What should I do if my pet or child accidentally consumes an edible?
If your pet or child accidentally consumes an edible, seek medical attention immediately. Due to the high levels of THC in some edibles, they have the potential to cause adverse effects, including hallucinations, and must be treated seriously.
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- Yoon, M et al. “Differential hepatic and renal metabolic phenotyping of THC by 14C-isotope tracing in rats.” Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology 9.3 (2013): 303–314. doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.761860